First patented in 1721 by Richard Newsham, the Newsham Pump and others based on its design, were popular in both Europe and the US. The pump handles (called brakes) operated 2 cylinders which alternately pumped water into a central air vessel. This had the effect of evening out the pressure, resulting in a steady flow of water rather than the pulses of previous pump designs. This example has been "restored" by my Lego town's modern firefighters and will be the first exhibit in a museum to be housed in my Fire Brigade...
A demonstration... getting to the fire. Its small size allowed it to be pulled down narrow alleys. Some examples had steerable front wheels.
In operation...
Water is fed by bucket into the body of the pump... this is small version, some larger ones could have pumps operated by up to 20 people (bystanders helping out would be rewarded with beer!!) The metal pipe/nozzle was used because early hoses were considered unreliable. Some later versions had the option of using a suction hose to draw water directly from a river or cistern. The engine could pump a jet of water more than 100 feet.
Thanks for looking - comments always welcomed
More exhibits for my Lego town's fire museum coming soon...